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Group Fortifications of Aisne
The '', ''renamed Group Fortifications of Aisne by the French in 1919, is a fort of the second fortified bell of forts from Metz, in Moselle. This group fortification, built in the municipalities of Pournoy-la-Grasse and of Verny, controlled the valley of the Seille. It had its baptism of fire in late 1944, when the Battle of Metz occurred.
== Historical context ==
During The Annexation, Metz oscillates between a German garrison of 15,000 and 20,000 men at the beginning of the period〔René Bour, ''Histoire de Metz'', 1950, p. 227.〕 and exceeds 25,000 men just before the First World War,〔''L’Express'', no 2937, du 18 au 24 octobre 2007, dossier « Metz en 1900 », Philippe Martin.〕 gradually becoming the first stronghold of the German Reich.〔François Roth : ''Metz annexée à l’Empire allemand'', in François-Yves Le Moigne, ''Histoire de Metz'', Privat, Toulouse, 1986, (p.350).〕 The ' completes the Second fortified belt of Metz composed of ''Festivals'' Wagner, Crown Prince (1899 - 1905), Leipzig (1907-1912), empress (1899-1905), Lorraine (1899-1905), Freiherr von der Goltz (1907-1916), Haeseler (1899-1905), Prince Regent Luitpold (1907-1914) and Infantry-Werk Belle-Croix (1908-1914). The fortress of Metz was part of a wider program of fortifications called " Moselstellung" and encompassed fortresses scattered throughout the valley Moselle between Thionville and Metz. To this end, the two cities were specially served by the Kanonenbahn Berlin - Metz, a strategic railway line. The aim of Germany was to protect against a French attack to take Alsace-Lorraine from the German Empire. From 1899, the Schlieffen plan of the German General Staff designed the fortifications of the ''Moselstellung as ''like a lock for blocking any advance of French troops in case of conflict.〔Donnell Clayton, ''The German Fortress of Metz: 1870-1944'', Oxford, Osprey, 2008. p. 24.〕 This concept of a fortified line on the Moselle was a significant innovation compared to Système Séré de Rivières developed by the French. It later inspired the engineers of the Maginot line.〔Donnell Clayton, ''The German Fortress of Metz: 1870-1944'', Oxford, Osprey, 2008, pp. 10-13.〕
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